Short Answer


Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
1 The Persian ruler who established a massive empire after 550 B.C. was __________.
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2 __________ was the animistic Persian religion that envisioned life as a struggle between good and evil.
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3 The Greek culture that flourished from 800 to 400 B.C. was __________.
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4 The culture associated with the spread of Greek influence as a result of the Macedonian conquests was __________.
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5 The __________ were two epic poems alleged to have been composed by Homer.
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6 The city-state or __________ was the typical form of Greek political organization from 800 to 400 B.C.
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7 The Athenian reformer who eased the debt burden for farmers and forbade enslavement for debt was __________.
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8 The 5th century B.C. Athenian philosopher and tutor of Plato who urged rational reflection of moral decisions was __________.
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9 __________ was an Athenian tyrant of the 6th century B.C. who gained popular support against traditional aristocratic councils.
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10 The form of government in which decisions are made by all of the people rather than by elected representatives is called __________.
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11 The Athenian leader who aided in the creation of the Athenian empire and who died at the outset of the Peloponnesian War was __________.
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12 The __________, which features rituals and athletic contests, were one of the few pan-Hellenic rituals ascribed to by all Greek poleis.
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13 The god Apollo allegedly spoke in cryptic riddles to the __________ in order to pass predictive messages on to humans.
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14 Fought in 490 and 480 B.C., the __________ allowed the Greeks to establish a separate cultural identity from the Persian empire.
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15 The __________, eventually converted into an empire belonging to Athens, was originally conceived as an alliance of city-states against Persia.
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16 Fought between 431 and 404 B.C., the __________ resulted in a Spartan victory but the continued failure to achieve political unification in Greece.
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17 The kingdom ruled by first Philip II and the Alexander the Great was __________.
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18 __________ was responsible for the centralization of Macedon and the unification of Greece.
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19 The son of Philip II, __________, attempted to merge the culture of Greece with the political systems of Persia.
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20 The regional dynasty that succeeded the empire of Alexander the Great in Egypt was that of the __________.
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21 The __________ emphasized an inner moral independence achieved by strict discipline of the body and by personal bravery.
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22 The philosopher __________ believed that knowledge was based on consideration of ideal forms that existed outside the material world.
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23 Greek dramatists wrote tragedy or __________.
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24 The greatest of the Greek comedians was __________.
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25 Built by Alexander the Great, __________, __________ was the site of the ancient Mediterranean's greatest library.
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26 The semi-free agricultural laborers of the Spartan city-state were called __________.
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