| 1 |
The __________ were Mesoamerican hunters and gatherers responsible for the disruption of early civilizations in Mesoamerica.
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| 2 |
The type of human ecological adaptation in which the original environment is minimally affected is the __________ type.
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| 3 |
The type of human ecological adaptation in which the original environment is radically transformed and replaced into a new, human-oriented ecology is the __________ type of adaptation.
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| 4 |
__________ represents an intermediate form of ecological adaptation in which temporary forms of cultivation are carried out with little impact on the natural ecology.
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| 5 |
A form of migratory cultivation that required the clearing of rainforest floors, usually by fire, was called the __________ technique.
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| 6 |
An intermediate form of ecological adaptation in which people depended on domesticated animal herds was __________.
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| 7 |
Pastoral nomads moved through __________ and savannas, areas with insufficient rainfall for sedentary agriculture.
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| 8 |
Initially the horse nomads used their animals to draw __________ and did not ride them.
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| 9 |
Many of the peoples who became horse nomads were from the __________ linguistic group.
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| 10 |
The nomadic group responsible for the disruption of the Chinese, Gupta, and Roman societies were the __________ or Huns.
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| 11 |
The reindeer herders were located primarily in the __________ of northern Europe, isolated from civilizations.
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| 12 |
In the arid and semi-arid regions of western Asia, __________ nomadism was more common than horse nomadism.
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| 13 |
The cattle herders were located primarily in the plains of east and southern __________.
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| 14 |
The animals associated with pastoral nomadism in the Americas were __________ and alpacas.
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| 15 |
More than any other feature, __________ patterns define and structure the lives of pastoral nomads.
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| 16 |
Anthropologists refer to cultures in which dominant warlike males are bound to each other by oaths of personal loyalty as __________ cultures.
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| 17 |
Blood-feuds or __________ between kinship groups are common in pastoral nomadic societies.
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| 18 |
Marriage customs in nomadic societies were frequently __________, and women went to live in the households of their husbands.
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| 19 |
Social stratification in nomadic societies was in part based on the dominance of wealthier members of the group over poorer members in a patron-__________ relationship.
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| 20 |
The only common form of occupational specialization in pastoral nomadic societies was the existence of __________ or religious experts.
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| 21 |
In nomadic art, animals are often depicted as __________, mythic ancestors venerated as progenitors and protectors.
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| 22 |
One of the innovations credited to pastoral nomads was the use of __________ in preference to the gowns or tunics used among sedentary communities.
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| 23 |
The trade routes established by pastoral nomads and connecting civilizations in the Middle East with those of India and China were called the __________.
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