| 1 |
Alexander I sponsored the __________ idea at the Congress of Vienna, which grouped the conservative monarchies of Russia, Prussia, and Austria in defense of religion and the established order.
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| 2 |
Western values also inspired a minor but disturbing political revolt, the __________ rising, in 1825.
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| 3 |
Nicholas I provoked conflict with the Ottoman Empire in 1853, the __________ War.
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| 4 |
In some ways the Russian __________ of the serfs in 1861 was more generous than the liberation of the slaves in America.
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| 5 |
Tsar Alexander II created local political councils, the __________, that had a voice in regional policies.
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| 6 |
The establishment of the __________ railroad, which connected European Russia with the Pacific, was the crowning achievement of the drive to improve communications.
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| 7 |
Under Count __________, minister of finance from 1892 to 1903, the government enacted high tariffs to protect new Russian industry.
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| 8 |
The __________horizontala Russian term denoting articulate intellectuals as a classhorizontalformed a self-conscious group bent on radical change.
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| 9 |
Many Russian radicals were __________, who sought the abolition of all formal government.
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| 10 |
__________ was assassinated by a terrorist bomb in 1881.
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| 11 |
One of the most active __________ leaders was Vladimir Ilyrich Ulyanov, known as Lenin.
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| 12 |
Lenin's approach animated the group of Russian Marxists known as __________, or majority party.
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| 13 |
War broke out between Russia and __________ in 1904, leading to a disastrous Russian defeat.
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| 14 |
Unexpected defeat in war unleashed massive protests on the Russian home front in the __________.
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| 15 |
Russian liberals were wooed through the creation of national parliament, the __________.
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| 16 |
Following the Revolution of 1905, minister __________ introduced an important series of reforms.
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| 17 |
A minority of Russian agricultural entrepreneurs called __________ began to increase agricultural production and buy up additional land.
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| 18 |
A Czech scientist, __________, advanced the understanding of genetics.
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| 19 |
A Russian physiologist, __________, experimenting on conditioned reflexes, explained unconscious responses in human beings.
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| 20 |
Japanese commoner schools or __________ taught reading, writing, and the rudiments of Confucianism to ordinary people.
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| 21 |
After 1720 a group of Japanese scholars interested in __________ studies created new interest in Western scientific advance.
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| 22 |
The American commodore __________ arrived at Edo Bay in 1853 and insisted that Americans be allowed to trade.
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| 23 |
Centralized government returned to Japan in 1868 with the __________ Restoration.
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| 24 |
The Japanese constitution of 1889 assured major powers for the emperor along with a parliament or __________.
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| 25 |
By the 1890s huge new industrial combines called __________ were being formed in Japan.
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| 26 |
Japan's quick victory over __________ in the quarrel for influence over Korea in 1894-1895 marked the first step in colonial expansion.
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| 27 |
Japan's surge promoted a fear in the West of a new "__________" that should be opposed through greater imperialist efforts.
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