Short Answer


Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
1 In the 1620s the Dutch were content to become the vassals of the kingdom of __________.
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2 In their wars of conquest, the British relied heavily on troops recruited from the Indian troops called __________ recruited from throughout the subcontinent.
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3 The rise of the British __________ in India owed much to the rivalry between the British and the French.
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4 In the key battle of __________ fought in 1757, British and Indian recruits defeated an Indian army of nearly 50,000.
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5 The architect of the British victory in India was __________.
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6 Madras, Bombay, and Calcutta became the administrative centers of the three __________ that made up the bulk of the territory that Britain ruled in India.
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7 In many areas of India, the British were content to leave Indian rulers in control of their __________ States.
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8 The venality and misgovernment of the Indian __________ resulted in the catastrophic Bengal famine of 1770.
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9 A succession of reforms in India culminated in sweeping measures taken in the 1790s by Lord __________.
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10 Martial peoples like the Zulus in South Africa had the courage and discipline to defeat sizeable British forces as at __________ in 1879.
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11 The greater portion of European empires consisted of __________ in Africa, Asia, and the South Pacific in which small numbers of Europeans ruled large numbers of non-Western peoples.
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12 In __________ the descendants of European settlers made up the overwhelming majority of the population.
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13 In __________ colonies Europeans and indigenous peoples increasingly clashed over land rights, resource control, social status, and differences in culture.
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14 The British followed the Boer pioneers along the southern and eastern coast of South Africa, eventually establishing a major outpost at Durban in __________.
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15 Transvaal and the Orange Free State were two __________ republics.
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16 When diamonds were discovered in the Orange Free State in 1867, British entrepreneurs such as __________ began to move in.
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17 The __________ raged from 1899 to 1902 in South Africa and began the process of decolonization for the European settlers of South Africa.
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18 Hawaii was opened to the West through the voyages of Captain __________ from 1777 to 1779.
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19 King __________ of Hawaii promoted economic change, encouraging Western merchants to establish export trade in Hawaiian goods in return for increasing revenues to the royal treasury.
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20 In 1848 an edict called the __________ imposed Western concepts of property on Hawaiian land that had been shared by commoners and aristocrats.
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